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\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 (Pentacylic Tritrerpenoids , Flavoniod ) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a . \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0637\u0633 \u0643\u062a\u0639\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 . \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0636\u062f \u0641\u0637\u0631 ( Fusarium Oxysporum ) \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u0629 . \u0648\u0623\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631 ( Aspergillus sydowii ) \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0629 . \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 ( Erwinia carotovora ) \u0641\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0637\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0629 . \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631 ( Alternaria spp ) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a . \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631 ( niger Aspergillus ) . \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0649 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629 : ( Botryodiplodia theobromae , Fusarium Oxysporum , Aspergillus flavus ) . \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a (Fusarium scirpi , Helminthosporium spiciferum ) . \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 . \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0646\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>2- \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631 :<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631 ( Eucalyptus ) \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0649\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 . \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 . \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 1.5 \u0625\u0644\u0649 3.5 % \u0632\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0649 \u0641\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 54 \u0625\u0644\u0649 95 % .<br \/>\n\u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 . \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a ( Flavonoids , Triterpenes ) . \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 10 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0646 . \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 . \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a ( R.solani \u0623\u0648 F.solani) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0645<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>3- \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u062d\u0634\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 :<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n\u062a\u0632\u0631\u0639 \u062d\u0634\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 ( Lemon grass ) \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062d\u0634\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 . \u064a\u062b\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 ( , P.chrysogenum , A.fumigates , A.flavus Macrophomina phasoli ) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 ( Staphylococcus aureus , Bacillus subtillis , Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , P.fluorescens ) .<br \/>\n\u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u062d\u0634\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 ( tunnis \u0648 alkaloids \u0648 glycosides ) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a . \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u062d\u0634\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 . \u0648\u064a\u062b\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u062d\u0634\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a ( Ustilago maydis , Ustilaginoidea virens , Curvularia luntat , Rhizopussp ) \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u062d\u0634\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a ( Botrytis cinerea , Rhizoctonia solani ) .<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>4- \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627 :<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0645 .\u0648\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0635\u064a\u0641\u0649 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0649 . \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u00a0 A.flavus, B.theobromae , F.oxysporum ) . \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0637\u0633 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a ( \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a ) \u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 . \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631 ( Fusarium scirpi ) \u0641\u0649 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0629 .<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>5- \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0644\u0629 :<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0644\u0629 ( Nerium ) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0632\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 . \u062a\u0632\u0631\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a . \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0628\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0646\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 .\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0649 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0631 ( \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0629 ) \u0648\u0647\u0649 ( Alternaria alternata , F.monilliforme , Cochliobolus lunatus , Aspergillus flavus , Rhizopus stolonifer ) \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0649\u0652 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>6- \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0645\u064a\u0629 : <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0645\u064a\u0629 ( Althea ) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0632\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0632\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 . \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>7- \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0645 :<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0645 Neem ) ) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u0632\u0631\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631 . \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 . \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631( Fusarium spp ) . \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a (, A.flavus B.theobromae ) \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629 ( A.alternata , A.flavus , C.lunatus , F.moniforme , R.stolonifer ) \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0649 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u062b\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0629 . \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644\u0649 .<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 . \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0647 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c .<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>8- \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0649 :<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n\u062a\u0632\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0649 ( Visnaga ) \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 . \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f ( Visngin \u060c Khellin ) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 ( Coumarin ) .\u0623\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631 ( A.flavus ) \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631 . \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 B1 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 B2 . \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0645 .<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>9- \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0646 : <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0632\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631 . \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0647\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0637\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0648\u0631 . \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a (A.alternata \u060c Curvularia tuberculata ) . \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631 (F.oxysporum ) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u0629 . \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 ( A.flavus \u060c A.niger ) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631 (F.moniliforme) .<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>10- \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0649 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0649 : <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0632\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631. \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062b\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 . \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 . \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631 ( Aspergillus nidulans )\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 ( E.coli ) \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0631\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0646 . \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 ( Mentha ) \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631 ( R.solani ) \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0632 .<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>11- \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u0649 :<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 8 \u0623\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u0645\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u0649 \u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0629 .<br \/>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0628\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 . \u064a\u062b\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0623\u0632\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0637 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631 ( A.solani ) \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a .<br \/>\n\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d\u062a \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 . \u062b\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629 : ( Colletrotrichum \u060c Alternaria \u060c Aspergillus \u060c Fusarium \u060c Drechslera \u060c Curvularia ) .<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>12- \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0629\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0649 : <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n\u062a\u0632\u0631\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 . \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0629 . \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0649 \u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0649 .\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 .<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>13- \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0645 :<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0649 . \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0645 ( Garlic ) \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 ( Pseudomanas phaseclica \u060cXanthomonas sp. \u060c Puricularia oryzae \u060c sp. Colletrotrichum \u060c Pseudopernosporn cubnusis \u060c Monilia fructucola ) .<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 .<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8211; \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 ) \u0641\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0649 . \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":70520,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 &quot;\u0647\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649&quot; 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